Unequal Access, Unequal Science: How Paywalls Are Fracturing the American Research Ecosystem
A growing body of evidence suggests that subscription-based academic publishing is not merely an inconvenience — it is actively stratifying American scientific output along institutional and economic lines. Researchers at community colleges, regional universities, and under-resourced institutions face compounding disadvantages that affect not only what they can read, but what they can ultimately produce. This investigation examines the structural roots of that disparity and asks what systemic re